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V

Valuation       The act or process of valuing or of estimating the value or worth; appraisal.

Values       The valuable minerals contained in a deposit, usually refers to the precious metal content.

Vein       A mineralized zone having a more or less regular development in length, width and depth which clearly separates it from neighboring rock.

Vendor       A seller. In the case of mining companies, the consideration paid for properties purchased is often a block of treasury shares. These shares are termed vendor shares and are normally pooled or escrowed.

Ventilation       The provision of a directed flow of fresh and return air along all underground roadways, traveling roads, workings, and service parts.

Visible gold       Native gold which is discernable in a hand specimen by the unaided eye.

Void       A general term for pore space or other openings in rock. In addition to pore space, the term includes vesicles, solution cavities, or any openings either primary or secondary.

Volatile matter       The gaseous part, mostly hydrocarbons, of coal.

Volcanic rocks       Igneous rocks formed from magma that has flowed out or has been violently ejected from a volcano.

Volcanogenic       A term used to describe the volcanic origin of mineralization.

Volume       A measurement of the amount of material in a placer, usually stated in cubic outwards.

Volume factor       A factor which takes into account the swell of loosened gravels after the material has been excavated. Most intact gravels swell at least 25 percent when they have been loosened.

Voting right       The stockholder's right to vote in the affairs of the company. Most common shares have one vote each. Preferred stock usually has the right to vote when preferred dividends are in default.

Vug       A small cavity in a rock, frequently lined with well-formed crystals. Amethyst commonly forms in these cavities.