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C

Cable bolt       A steel cable, capable of withstanding tens of tonnes, cemented into a drillhole to lend support in blocky ground.

Cache       A place where supplies are stored or hidden.

Cage       The conveyance used to transport men and equipment in a shaft.

Cage       In a mine shaft, the device, similar to an elevator car, that is used for hoisting personnel and materials.

Caisson       A metal casing or cylinder used to sink shafts in unstable or wet placer ground.

Calcareous       Like limestone or calcium carbonate, or composed of same.

Calcine       Name given to concentrate that is ready for smelting (i.e. the sulphur has been driven off by oxidation).

Calich       A cemented conglomerate, usually occurring in desert climates.

Call       An option to buy shares at a specified price. The opposite of a "put".

Calorie       Heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Centigrade.

Calorific value       The quantity of heat that can be liberated from one pound of coal or oil measured in BTU's.

Cam       Projection on a shaft that impart irregular motion or reciprocating action to another part; also the shaft itself.

Cannel coal       A massive, non-caking block coal with a fine, even grain and a conchoidal fracture which has a high percentage of hydrogen, burns with a long, yellow flame, and is extremely easy to ignite.

Canopy       A protective covering of a cab on a mining machine.

Cap       A miner's safety helmet. Also, a highly sensitive, encapsulated explosive that is used to detonate larger but less sensitive explosives.

Cap block       A flat piece of wood inserted between the top of the prop and the roof to provide bearing support.

Cap rock       A layer of rock lying on top of another type of rock.

Capillarity       The property of liquids allowing them to rise through solids.

Capital stock       The total ownership of a limited liability company divided among a specified number of shares.

Capitalization       A financial term used to describe the value financial markets put on a company. Determined by multiplying the number of outstanding shares of a company by the current stock price.